The EUI and YouGov are, since 2018, monitoring the development of Solidarity in Europe (SiE) through a representative, large-N survey. The 2022 wave of the survey, covering 16 EU member states and the UK, was conducted in April 2022. The first rendition of the survey (2018) analyzed 10 EU members states and the UK, increased to 11 plus the UK (2019) and then 13 plus the UK (2020, 2021).
The survey, since the beginning of the project, explores how support for European solidarity varies by issue (solidarity for what?), instrument (solidarity how?) and by member state (solidarity by whom for whom?). The 2020 survey extended the scope of the research to issues of the ‘kind of society’ and ‘kind of Europe’ citizens wish to live in. The 2021 survey included additional questions on Covid-19 vaccines and restrictions, while the 2022 wave further expanded the questionnaire with questions on the war in Ukraine. The project produces research outputs such as datasets, scientific journal articles, policy briefs and media contributions, and will replicate and expand the survey annually in the upcoming years.
Since 2022, a yearly SiE Data Dissemination Conference is organized, preceded by a call for contributions. The 2022 edition took place as a hybrid event on 21 January. The 2023 SiE Data Dissemination Conference will take place on 20 January 2023.
The project is led by Philipp Genschel (Bremen and EUI), Anton Hemerijck (EUI) and Dietlind Stolle (McGill and EUI), in collaboration with Lorenzo Cicchi (EUI), Luis Russo (EUI), Stephan Shakespeare and Jonathan van Parys (YouGov). Mohamed Nasr (ETH Zürich) has worked for the 2019-2021 waves. All datasets are publicly available in Open Acces, both at Gesis and at the EUI data repository, Cadmus (all links below).
Research based on SiE data is welcome, for any inquiry please contact egpp@eui.eu.
Datasets (Cadmus)
Datasets (Gesis)
- 2018 SiE survey data
- 2019 SiE survey data
- 2020 SiE survey data
- 2021 SiE survey data
- 2022 SiE survey data
- 2018 to 2022 SiE trendfile
Publications and multimedia
- 2023 Journal of European Integration article ‘War and integration. The Russian attack on Ukraine and the institutional development of the EU’ (Genschel, Leek and Weyns)
- 2022 Journal of European Public Policy article (special issue) ‘Bellicist integration? The war in Ukraine, the European Union and core state powers’ (Genschel)
- 2022 Social Europe article ‘European solidarity: silver linings through dark clouds’ (Genschel, Hemerijck and Russo)
- 2022 YouGov article ‘Support for Ukraine is strong in Europe, but nations are not as united as it looks’ (Stolle)
- 2022 Recording of the State of the Union presentation ‘Social Justice in Post-Pandemic Europe’ (Stolle, Hemerijck)
- 2021 Policy brief ‘Solidarity and Trust in Times of Covid-19’ (Genschel, Hemerijck, Nasr and Russo)
- 2021 Recording of the State of the Union presentation ‘How did the COVID-19 pandemic change citizens’ attitudes towards the EU, towards national governments and towards each other?’ (Genschel, Hemerijck and Nasr)
- 2020 Updated version of policy brief ‘EU Solidarity in times of Covid-19’ (Cicchi, Genschel, Hemerijck and Nasr)
- 2020 Policy Brief ‘EU solidarity in times of Covid-19’ (Cicchi, Genschel, Hemerijck and Nasr)
- 2020 Die Zeit article (in German) based on EUI-YouGov data ‘Die Europäische Versicherungsunion’
- 2020 Blog post ‘Corona Solidarity’ (Bremer and Genschel)
- 2020 YouGov UK report ‘What the EU should be’
- 2020 YouGov Italy report (in Italian) ‘Cosa dovrebbe essere l’Unione Europea?’
- 2020 The Independent article based on EUI-YouGov data ‘Another hidden cost of Brexit has been laid bare – people will be less willing to help the UK in a crisis’
- 2019 Journal of Common Market Studies article ‘Juncker’s Curse? Identity, Interest, and Public Support for the Integration of Core State Powers’ (Bremer, Genschel and Jachtenfuchs)
- 2018 Policy brief ‘Solidarity in Europe’ (Genschel and Hemerijck), prepared for the 2018 State of the Union conference